|
Pronouns
RELATIVE
PRONOUNS
Referentes a Pessoas
• Who e that
(sujeito ou objeto sem preposição antes)
• Whom (objeto; obrigatório quando precedido de preposição)
• Whose (= cujo, a, os, as) + substantivo
This is the man who
called you yesterday.
Show me the lady whose husband is the principal.
Referentes a Coisas e Animais
• Which e that
• Whose + substantivo
The photos at which
you are looking were all taken by my sister.
Observações:
• Não se usa that com preposição antes e em orações explicativas
(entre vírgulas).
• What significa o que, aquilo que e não tem antecedente.
• Which pode significar também o que, referindo-se a toda uma
oração anterior.
He drinks too much, which
is not good for his health.
INFINITIVO
e GERÚNDIO
Infinito sem TO
• depois de verbos anômalos
(can, may, must, should)
• depois de would rather; had better; let; make
• depois de but e except
• depois de verbos de percepção como hear, see, watch etc
GERÚNDIO
• depois de preposições
e conjunções
• depois de can’t (stand; help), no (good; use), (be) worth,
feel like
• quando o verbo é o sujeito da oração
• depois de certos verbos como admit, imagine, deny, stop, quit, enjoy,
finish, appreciate, mind, avoid
• depois de verbos de percepção como hear, see, watch etc
Are you interested in
learning French? No, I would rather study English.
Let me tell you how I quit smoking.
REPORTED
SPEECH
Quando o discurso direto
é transformado em indireto, deve-se fazer uma série de mudanças:
• nos
tempos verbais
| Present |
=>
|
Past |
| Past |
=>
|
Past
Perfect |
| Future |
=>
|
Conditional |
| Conditional |
=>
|
Conditional
Perfect |
| Imperativo |
=>
|
Infinitivo |
• nos
pronomes
| I |
=>
|
he |
| |
=>
|
she |
| We |
=>
|
they |
| You |
=>
|
I |
| My |
=>
|
His |
|
=> |
Her |
| Our |
=>
|
their |
| Yout |
=>
|
my |
•
nos advérbios
| here |
=>
|
there |
| today |
=>
|
that
day |
| now |
=>
|
then |
| yesterday |
=>
|
the day
before |
| last |
=>
|
the...before (the previous) |
| tomorrow |
=>
|
the
next day |
| next |
=>
|
the
following |
He said, “I live here
with my kids.”
He said he lived there with his kids.
She said to her brother,
“I will see you tomorrow.”
She told her brother she would see him the next day.
Mother said to her children, “Be quiet.”
Mother told her children to be quiet.
• nas
orações interrogativas
| Paul said to me: |
“Where do you live?” |
| |
“Did you sleep well?” |
| Paul
asked me |
where
I lived. |
| |
if (wheter)
I had slept well. |
PRONOUNS
AND ADJECTIVES
|
Pronouns
and Adjectives
|
|
Personal
Pronouns
|
Possessive
Adjective
|
Possessive
Pronouns
|
Reflexive/
Empphasizing Pronouns
|
|
Caso
Reto
(sujeito)
|
Caso
Oblíquo
(objeto)
|
seguidos
de
substantivo
|
não
seguidos de
substantivo
|
|
|
I
|
Me
|
My
|
Mine
|
Myself
|
|
You
|
You
|
Your
|
Yours
|
Yourself
|
|
He
|
Him
|
His
|
His
|
Himself
|
|
She
|
Her
|
Her
|
Her
|
Herself
|
|
It
|
It
|
Its
|
Its
|
Itself
|
|
|
|
One - One's
|
|
One - Oneself
|
|
We
|
Us
|
Our
|
Our
|
Ourselves
|
|
You
|
You
|
Your
|
Your
|
Yourselves
|
|
They
|
Them
|
Their
|
Their
|
Theirselves
|
|